Dr. Takdir Ali Mukti obtained his bachelor’s degree in international relations at Universitas Jember, Indonesia. As for his master’s degree, he earned it from Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. He received his Doctorate’s degree from Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Paradiplomacy is one of his research interests. Takdir’s publications cover Paradiplomacy Policies and Regional Autonomy in Indonesia and Korea (2021), Terorisme dan Paradiplomasi dalam Pemerintahan Aceh (2021), Politik Paradiplomasi Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (2021), Paradiplomacy Management and Local Political Movement in Aceh, Indonesia and Catalonia, Spain (2019).